Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Volume 21, Issue 4 , Pages 309-315, Winter 2009

Image-Guided Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Nanotechnology-Based Nodal Treatment in Lung Cancer Using Invisible Near-Infrared Fluorescent Light

  • Onkar Khullar, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
    • ,
  • John V. Frangioni, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Hematology/Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
    • ,
  • Mark Grinstaff, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
    • ,
  • Yolonda Lorig Colson, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Yolonda Lorig Colson, MD, PhD, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115

Current methods for sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping and nodal treatment in lung cancer remain inadequate for routine clinical use. In this study, we discuss the potential for using the combination of invisible near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent light and nanotechnology for these applications. NIR fluorescence imaging has recently received significant attention for in vivo imaging applications because of its low tissue autofluorescence, high photon penetration into living tissue, and high signal-to-background ratio. Our large animal in vivo studies have been able to successfully identify SLNs in lung tissue, and several clinical studies have examined the use of NIR fluorescence imaging systems for SLN mapping in breast and gastric cancer. Promising new nanoparticle technologies, when combined with NIR fluorescence imaging, offer the potential for image-guided treatment of lymph nodes at high risk for tumor recurrence. This review provides a theoretic and empiric framework for developing the next generation of diagnostic and therapeutic agents for lung cancer.

Keywords: nanoparticle, nanotechnology, near infrared, sentinel lymph node mapping

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 Dr. Grinstaff reports consulting fees and equity ownership from Hyperbranch, Affinergy and Flex.

 This work is partially supported by NCI Grant numbers R01-CA-131044 (Y.L.C.), R01-CA-115296 (J.V.F.), and T32 CA009535 (O.K.), American College of Surgeon's George H. A. Clowes Jr, MD, FACS, Memorial Research Career Development Award (Y.L.C.), the Center for Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technologies Grant numbers 09-433 and 08-241 (Y.L.C.), and the Thoracic Surgery Foundation for Research and Education/LUNGevity Foundation Research Grant (O.K.).

PII: S1043-0679(09)00145-2

doi:10.1053/j.semtcvs.2009.11.009

Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Volume 21, Issue 4 , Pages 309-315, Winter 2009

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