Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Volume 23, Issue 3 , Pages 173-175 , Autumn 2011

Citius Altius Fortius: A Case for Superspecialization

  • Paul Sergeant, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Cardiac Surgery Department, Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Paul Sergeant, MD, PhD, Cardiac Surgery Department, Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
    • ,
  • Gregory Sergeant, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Abdominal Surgery Department, Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium

References 

  1. Flexner A . Medical Education in the United States and Canada: A Report to the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching . Bulletin no. 4 New York, NY: Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching; 1910;
  2. The certification of specialists . N Engl J Med . 1936;215:468–469
  3. Cassel C , Reuben D . Specialization, sub specialization and sub sub specialization in internal medicine . N Engl J Med . 2011;364:1169–1173
  4. Reitemeier R , Benson J . Two views of the “doctors' dilemma” as the board sees it . N Engl J Med . 1978;299:1308–1309
  5. Petersdorf R . The doctor's dilemma . N Engl J Med . 1978;299:628–634
  6. Blackwell T . Final report of the Committee on Recognizing New and Emerging Disciplines in Internal Medicine (NEDIM)-2 . Philadelphia, PA: American Board of Internal Medicine; 2006; http://www.abim.org/pdf/nedim-2-report.pdf

PII: S1043-0679(11)00142-0

doi: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2011.10.003

Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Volume 23, Issue 3 , Pages 173-175 , Autumn 2011

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